文/中華戰略學會資深研究員 張競
張競博士專欄 : 病急亂投醫、請鬼抓藥單
昨日菲律賓媒體《菲律賓每日詢問報》(Philippine Daily Inquirer)刊出菲國軍方有意在巴丹群島省馬哈濤鎮(Mahatao)設立所謂「前進作戰基地」(FOB：Forward Operating Base)後，國內許多媒體紛紛轉述報導，真是好像菲律賓靠這麼個軍事基地，就能夠發揮扭轉區域軍事態勢，充份顯露國內媒體對於軍事缺乏基本常識，同時面對兩岸關係嚴重惡化，思考未來充滿戰爭衝突危機焦慮感，簡直內心荒亂到達病急亂投醫、請鬼抓藥單地步；所以才會任人擺佈，人云亦云轉刊這種報導。
依據美軍準則
forward operating base: A airfield used to support tactical operations without establishing full support facilities. The base may be used for an extended time period. Support by a main operating base will be required to provide backup support for a forward operating base. Also called FOB. (JP3-09.3)
但是因為FOB亦可用於特種作戰時所設立之forward operations base，在此亦列出其定義
forward operations base: In special operations, a base usually located in friendly territory or afloat that is established to extend command and control or communications or to provide support for training and tactical operations. Facilities may be established for temporary or longer duration operations and may included an airfield or an unimproved airstrip, an anchorage, or a pier. A forward operations base may be the location of special operations component headquarters or a smaller unit that is controlled and/or supported by a main operations base. Also called FOB. See also advanced operations base; main operations base.(JP 3-05.1)
至於advanced operations base其定義如下：
advanced operations base：In special operations, a small temporary base established near or within a joint special operations area to command, control and/or support training or tactical operations. Facilitating are normally austere. The base may be ashore or afloat. If ashore, it may included an airfield or unimproved airstrip, a pier, or an anchorage. An advanced operations base is normally controlled and/or supported by a main operations base or a forward operations base. Also called AOB. See also forward operations base; main operations base.(JP 3-05.1)
參照前述各個美軍軍語定義，前進作戰基地原則上是作為攻勢作戰時，在儘量接近敵方，並指向攻勢行動目標區，可供海空兵力儎臺集結之指定地點，發展基地設施，進駐攻勢作戰部隊，完成兵力展開前，最後兵力集中整備，並可視作戰需求，由該地發動攻擊行動之作戰基地。
馬哈濤鎮(Mahatao)人口不過千餘人，不但沒有機場，港口設施更是僅能提供少量漁船停靠，基礎設施乏善可陳，派駐軍隊最多只能算是前哨據點。假若只有興建兵舍，但卻未構築工事設立陣地，那就連執行防禦任務都有問題，前進基地不過是個好大喜功吹噓幌子。
至於藉由在馬哈濤鎮(Mahatao)駐軍監控呂宋海峽戰略水道，首先要建設海域監偵作業體系，其中包括雷達、光學感測器、通信與電子信號截收監聽系統以及各類空中情報偵蒐儎臺。否則又是個隨時會被吹破的牛皮。
所以菲律賓軍方打算在馬哈濤鎮(Mahatao)，建立前進作戰基地掌控當地海域，咱們聽聽就好，就看看後續馬尼拉會唱出什麼戲再說吧！
「以上言論不代表中華新聞報立場」
張競博士簡介:
資深戰略專家與政軍評論家
張競博士，現任中華戰略學會資深研究員，為中華民國榮民，曾於海軍服役，並擔任中權軍艦艦長。學術背景深厚，為美國海軍戰爭學院績優畢業生，並取得英國赫爾大學政治學博士學位。目前於大學教授國際關係等政治學課程，致力於學術研究與教學。
張博士勤於在媒體上針砭時政，探討國際現勢，經常接受媒體專訪並出席政論節目，對政軍議題發表見解。他的著述範圍廣泛，涵蓋戰略、國際政治、軍事議題等多個領域，獲得了大量讀者的關注和迴響。
▲圖/張競博士提供
▲圖/張競博士提供
